Abundance of elements in Earth's crust

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The abundance of elements in Earth's crust is shown in tabulated form with the estimated crustal abundance for each chemical element shown as either percentage or parts per million (ppm) by mass (10,000 ppm = 1%).

Video Abundance of elements in Earth's crust

See also

• Abundances of the elements (data page)
• Primordial nuclide

• List of chemical elements
• Atmospheric chemistry

Maps Abundance of elements in Earth's crust

References

• BookRags, Periodic Table.
• World Book Encyclopedia, Exploring Earth.
• HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust.
• Data Series 140, Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities in the United States, Version 2011, USGS [2].
• Eric Scerri, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Oxford University Press, 2007

Source of the article : Wikipedia